2 – Roof
2.2.1 – Roof Covering
Roof Covering 1
Roof Covering 2
EXPOSED NAILS

The inspector observed exposed nails on the roof covering. This condition could allow moisture to penetrate the roof component. A qualified contractor should evaluate, then repair or replace as advised prior to the inspection objection deadline.

2.2.2 – Roof Covering
Roof Covering 3
MISSING

The roof covering material was missing in some areas.  A qualified contractor should evaluate, then repair or replace as advised prior to the inspection objection deadline.

2.2.3 – Roof Covering
Roof Covering 4
SIGNS OF REPAIR

The inspector observed signs of repair at the time of inspection. A qualified contractor should evaluate, then repair or replace as advised prior to the inspection objection deadline.

2.3.1 – Roof Structure
Roof Structure 1
Roof Structure 2
Roof Structure 3
DECKING DEFLECTION

The inspector observed deflection of the roof decking in some areas was noted. A qualified contractor should evaluate, then repair or replace as advised prior to the inspection objection deadline.

2.4.1 – Flashing
Flashing 1
Flashing 2
VENT FLASHING EXPOSED NAILS

The vent flashing, used to protect areas of the roof from moisture intrusion, had exposed/inadequately sealed nails. A qualified contractor should evaluate, then repair or replace as advised prior to the inspection objection deadline.

2.6.1 – Flue Gas Vent Pipes
Flue Gas Vent Pipes 1
INADEQUATE CLEARANCE – ROOF
One or more combustion appliance exhaust flue(s) did not extend far enough above the roof. To ensure proper and safe operation, exhaust flues should extend at least 3 feet above the roof, and 2 feet above any portion of the roof within 10 feet (measured horizontally).  A qualified contractor should evaluate, then repair or replace as advised prior to the inspection objection deadline.
2.6.2 – Flue Gas Vent Pipes
Flue Gas Vent Pipes 2
FLASHING NOT SEALED
One or more combustion exhaust flue(s) were not adequately sealed at the flashing.  A qualified contractor should evaluate, then repair or replace as advised prior to the inspection objection deadline.
2.7.1 – Masonry Chimney
Masonry Chimney 1
Masonry Chimney 2
FLASHING NOT SEALED

The flashing at the chimney was inadequately sealed. A qualified contractor should evaluate, then repair or replace as advised prior to the inspection objection deadline.

2.8.1 – Roof Drainage Systems
Roof Drainage Systems 1
Roof Drainage Systems 2
DEBRIS IN GUTTERS

Gutters were full of debris or granules in areas and need to be cleaned. The debris in gutters can clog drainage, or be a sign gutters are sloped improperly – Either of which may cause problems by overflowing to introduce excessive amounts of moisture to the soil beneath the foundation. Excessive moisture in soil supporting the foundation can affect its ability to support the weight of the structure above and may cause foundation damage from soil movement.

Debris in gutters can also conceal rust, deterioration or leaks that are not visible until cleaned.

A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary and according to current standards.

3 – Attic, Insulation and Ventilation
3.1.1 – Attic Access
Attic Access 1
HATCH NOT INSULATED

The attic access hatch was not properly insulated. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

3.4.1 – Insulation in Attic
Insulation in Attic 1
COMPRESSED – INSULATION

The insulation had been walked on or had stored items compressing it, which reduces the R-value.

Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and repair or replace as needed.

3.6.1 – Electrical Wiring In Attic
Electrical Wiring In Attic 1
EXPOSED ELECTRICAL SPLICES

Exposed electrical conductor splices need to be installed inside a junction box with cover plate. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

4 – Exterior

4.2.1 – Driveways
Driveways 1
CRACKING – SIGNIFICANT

The concrete driveway was significantly cracked.  Cracks of 1/4″ or greater separation are typically indicating settlement, heaving, or structural problems. These types of cracks may present a tripping hazard. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair as necessary.

4.2.2 – Driveways
Driveways 2
HEAVING AND/OR SETTLING

The driveway showed signs of heaving and/or settling in areas. Heaving is often caused by soil that has expanded in volume due to increased moisture content, or by wet soil which has expanded as it became frozen. Settlement is when the soil below a concrete slab is loose, or it can no longer support the weight causing it to sink or crack. This condition could potentially cause a trip hazard.

A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary and according to current standards.

4.4.1 – Wall-Covering, Flashing & Trim
Wall-Covering, Flashing & Trim 1
MELTED VINYL SIDING

The vinyl siding was significantly warped or melted.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary and according to current standards.

4.11.1 – Walkways
Walkways 1
CRACK AT STEP(S)

Cracking or separation was present at the concrete step(s) in areas. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary and according to current standards.

4.11.2 – Walkways
Walkways 2
CRACKING – MINOR

Minor cracking was visible on the walkway(s) in areas. Monitoring is the minimum recommendation. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary and according to current standards.

4.12.1 – Vegetation, Grading & Drainage
Vegetation, Grading & Drainage 1
Vegetation, Grading & Drainage 2
Vegetation, Grading & Drainage 3
DENSE VEGETATION

Dense vegetation was present around the house in areas.  This condition limited and restricted my visual inspection.  Dense vegetation and landscaping up against or near the house foundation and exterior walls may be prone to water penetration and insect infestation. Trimming, pruning and some landscaping is recommended by a qualified contractor

4.12.2 – Vegetation, Grading & Drainage
Vegetation, Grading & Drainage 4
INADEQUATE CLEARANCE GRADE

The top of the foundation wall had inadequate clearance from grade. The top of the foundation wall should be a minimum of six inches above soil. Inadequate clearance may result in moisture intrusion of the structure.

Recommend a qualified contractor should evaluate and repair as necessary according to current standards.

4.12.3 – Vegetation, Grading & Drainage
Vegetation, Grading & Drainage 5
Vegetation, Grading & Drainage 6
Vegetation, Grading & Drainage 7
NEGATIVE GRADING

The property had areas of neutral or negative drainage, which will route runoff from precipitation to the foundation.  Excessive moisture content in soil supporting the foundation can cause foundation and other structural damage from undermining, heaving or settling, depending on soil composition, moisture content and other conditions.The ground around the property should slope away from all sides, ideally 6 inches for the first 10 feet from the house foundation perimeter. Downspouts, surface gutters and drains should also be directing water away from the foundation. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair as necessary according to current standards.

4.12.4 – Vegetation, Grading & Drainage
Vegetation, Grading & Drainage 8
TREE LIMBS CONTACT ROOF

The tree limbs that are in contact with the roof or hanging near the roof should be trimmed. Evaluating trees lies beyond the scope of the general property inspection.

Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

4.12.5 – Vegetation, Grading & Drainage
Vegetation, Grading & Drainage 9
Vegetation, Grading & Drainage 10
TREE BRANCHES OVER PROPERTY

Large trees near the house have branches which overhang the property. Falling branches due to conditions such as wood decay, high winds or heavy snow loads may cause injury, death or damage. Significant weakening of large branches by conditions such as core decay may not be visible by persons without special training. Consider having these trees evaluated by a qualified arborist. Evaluating trees lies beyond the scope of the general property inspection.

Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

4.15.1 – Sump Pump Discharge Pipe
Sump Pump Discharge Pipe 1
DISCHARGE TOO CLOSE

The sump pump discharge pipe did not terminate far enough away from the foundation. Erosion can continue or become worse if not corrected possibly leading to water intrusion. This condition may cause problems by introducing excessive amounts of moisture to the soil near the foundation. A qualified contractor should evaluate and install a proper extension, to properly route drainage away from the foundation, usually at least 6 feet.

4.17.1 – Exterior Foundation Wall
Exterior Foundation Wall 1
CRACK – VERTICAL

The foundation had vertical cracks in areas. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair as necessary before your inspection objection deadline.

4.18.1 – Exterior Vents
Exterior Vents 1
Exterior Vents 2
RADON EXHAUST
Radon fan not functional
4.21.1 – Roof Drainage – Downspouts & Extensions
Roof Drainage - Downspouts & Extensions 1
Roof Drainage - Downspouts & Extensions 2
Roof Drainage - Downspouts & Extensions 3
MISSING – EXTENSIONS

Downspout(s) are missing the proper 6 ft. extensions. This condition may cause problems by introducing excessive amounts of moisture to the soil beneath the foundation. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary and according to current standards.

5 – Attached Garage
5.2.1 – Occupant Door
Occupant Door 1
NOT SELF CLOSING

The door between the garage and the living space failed to close by itself. Modern safety requirements require that the door between the home interior and the garage be self-closing for safety reasons related to fire hazard and toxic fumes. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

5.4.1 – Floor
Floor 1
IMPROPERLY SLOPED

The floor surface of the garage is not sloped properly away from the structure due to settlement.

The area of floor used for parking of automobiles or other vehicles must be sloped. It should slope toward the vehicle door opening. The sloped surface will help the movement of liquids to a drain or toward the main vehicle doorway of the carport.

5.4.2 – Floor
Floor 2
Floor 3
HEAVING/SETTLING

Indications of movement from heaving/settling of the concrete floor were present in the garage. Significant movement may be a compromise the structural integrity of the foundation or structure of the garage which only a qualified structural engineer could comment after further analysis.

Recommend a qualified structural engineer inspect further and provide a professional opinion related to this observation.

Axium recommends our premier partner – Level Engineering. They can be contacted at 720-400-8148 or online at www.axiuminspections.com/structural-engineer.

5.6.1 – Door Opener
Door Opener 1
EXTENSION CORD USED

An extension cord was being used to power the garage door operator. Extension cords are for temporary use only, and the operator should be plugged into a dedicated outlet. Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and update to current building standards as necessary.

5.6.2 – Door Opener
Door Opener 2
REVERSE SENSORS TOO HIGH

The photo-electric reverse sensors are installed too high from the garage floor surface.

The vertical distance between the photo-eye beam and the floor should be no more than 6 inches.

5.7.1 – Electrical Outlets & Fixtures

Electrical Outlets & Fixtures 1

NO GFCI PROTECTION

The garage had one or more outlets without GFCI (or ground fault circuit interrupter) protection.

GFCI protection is required for all 15- and 20-amp receptacles, including outlets for refrigerators, sprinkler systems, garage door openers, and washing machines – some items may not be protected on purpose due to the potential for them to go unnoticed and cause damage. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

6 – Interior, Doors, Windows
6.2.1 – Ceilings & Walls
Ceilings & Walls 1

Ceilings & Walls 2

ASBESTOS CEILING

The property had ceiling materials that may contain asbestos. Ceiling tiles or popcorn texture were manufactured or installed using asbestos as late as the early 90s.

In the past, asbestos fibers were added during the production to strengthen and increase durability. Materials that contain asbestos, when intact and in good condition, is generally considered non-friable and is not hazardous. Heat, water, weathering or aging can weaken asbestos materials to the point where it is considered friable. Friable material includes any material containing more than 1 percent asbestos that can be crumbled, pulverized or reduced to powder with hand pressure. This includes previously non-friable material which has been damaged to the extent that it may be crumbled, pulverized or reduced to powder by hand pressure and can also be made friable during its removal. Friable materials can release asbestos fibers into the air. Once in the air, asbestos fibers present a health hazard to people who inhale those fibers.

6.2.2 – Ceilings & Walls

Ceilings & Walls 3

TAPE PULLING

The drywall showed pulling or wrinkling of the drywall tape at the corner which may reflect structural movement in that area.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

6.3.1 – Floors
FLOOR SQUEAKS
THROUGHOUT PROPERTY

The floor squeaks when stepped on.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

6.4.1 – Doors

Doors 1

Doors 2

MISSING – DOORSTOP

The door had a damaged or missing doorstop.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

6.5.1 – Windows
Windows 1
SCREENS DAMAGED/MISSING
LIVING ROOM

Some windows had damaged or missing screens.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

7 – Kitchen
7.6.1 – Electrical Outlets

Electrical Outlets 1

NO GFCI PROTECTION

No ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) protection was provided for kitchen electrical outlets. Although GFCI protection of kitchen circuits may not have been required at the time in which this property was built, as general knowledge of safe building practices has improved with the passage of time building standards have changed to reflect current understanding. The inspector recommends updating the existing kitchen electrical circuits to provide GFCI protection. This can be achieved by:

1. Replacing the current standard outlets with GFCI outlets.

2.  Replacing the first circuit outlet located closest to the main electrical service panel with the GFCI outlet

3.  Replacing the breaker currently protecting the electrical circuit that contains these outlets with the GFCI breaker.

A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

7.7.1 – Windows

Windows 1

SCREENS DAMAGED/MISSING

Some windows had damaged or missing screens.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

7.9.1 – Faucets Fixtures
Faucets Fixtures 1
CONTROL VALVE DAMAGED

The sink control valve was missing the set screw at the time of inspection.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

7.14.1 – Range/Oven/Cooktop
Range/Oven/Cooktop 1
DIRTY, EXCESS GREASE
The oven had excess grease or was dirty at the time of inspection. Excess grease may be a fire hazard. Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and clean as needed.
8 – Laundry
8.2.1 – Doors

Doors 1

MISSING – DOORSTOP

The door had a damaged or missing doorstop.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

9 – Bathroom
9.8.1 – Electrical Fixtures & Switches
Electrical Fixtures & Switches 1
NOT WORKING – BULB
UPSTAIRS BATHROOM

One or more bulbs was not working in the bathroom at the time of inspection.

Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and repair or replace as needed.

9.12.1 – Plumbing Fixtures
WATER NOT DIVERTED
UPSTAIRS BATHROOM

The shower diverter did not divert all of the water to the shower and a stream of water passed though bathtub spout when the shower was on.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

10 – Bathroom 2
10.2.1 – Doors

Doors 1

MISSING – DOORSTOP
BASEMENT BATHROOM

The door had a damaged or missing doorstop.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

10.5.1 – Floors

Floors 1

NOT PROPERLY INSTALLED

The flooring was not installed according to professional standards.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

10.6.1 – Windows

Windows 1

LOCK NOT WORKING

The window did not lock properly.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

10.9.1 – Cabinets & Counters

Cabinets & Counters 1

CAULKING – BACK SPLASH

The counter top needs caulking with silicone along the back splash.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

10.10.1 – Drain Waste and Vent System

Drain Waste and Vent System 1

FLEX PIPE
BASEMENT BATHROOM

Flexible drain lines can clog, leak or fail. Flex lines design includes multiple folds in which moisture may become trapped and mold may grow.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

10.13.1 – Toilets
LOOSE-TOILET TO TANK
BASEMENT BATHROOM

The toilet was loose at the tank to toilet connection.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

11 – Plumbing
11.1.1 – Main Water Shut-Off Valve
Main Water Shut-Off Valve 1
CORRODED – VALVE

The main water shutoff valve was corroded.

The valve is not and was not operated during the scope of a home  inspection.

Recommend a qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

11.7.1 – Sump Pit
Sump Pit 1
NOT SEALED

The sub pump was not sealed at the time of the inspection. The dwelling has a radon mitigation system. The inspector recommends that it be sealed to prevent radon gas from entering the occupied area.

12 – Electrical
12.2.1 – Distribution Panels
Distribution Panels 1
OPEN KNOCKOUT – BREAKER

Unused circuit-breaker panel opening was missing filler plate. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair and replace as necessary.

12.2.2 – Distribution Panels
SYLVANIA PANEL

The main electrical distribution panel was manufactured by Sylvania. Sylvania electrical equipment is considered obsolete, due to a design flaw in which the circuit breaker’s connection to the bus bar becomes loose, causing arcing and subsequent overheating. Long term exposure to this heat can cause the breaker to fuse to the bus bar, making it impossible to remove. Even worse, it can cause the breaker’s contacts to fuse together, thus preventing the breaker from tripping even in an overcurrent situation, thereby causing a potential fire hazard. A qualified electrical contractor should inspect and repair or replace as necessary.

13 – Water Heating Equipment
13.1.1 – General Information
OLDER THAN 10 YEARS

The water heater was at or beyond its warranty and/or expected life expectancy.

The water heater age was determined by the photo included in this report. According to the U.S. Department of energy, these major appliances are intended to run for between 8 and 12 years. Be advised that every water heater will age differently relative to the following life span factors: water quality, mineral buildup, frequency of flushing, the volume of water utilized, size of the tank, brand, and quality of water heater. Although it was operating at the time of the inspection, the inspector can not determine the remaining life of the water heater.

13.8.1 – Temperature & Pressure Relief Valve
Temperature & Pressure Relief Valve 1
OVER 6″ FROM FLOOR

The TPRV pipe did not conspicuously terminate within 6 inches of the floor. This may allow high pressure hot water to cause unnecessary damage. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

14 – Heating
14.5.1 – Gas Supply Shut-Off Valve
GAS LEAK

Gas leakage was detected at one or more gas line connection or burner. This is a safety hazard which immediate repair by a qualified plumbing contractor is recommended. The gas supply piping included a shutoff valve in the vicinity of the heating system for service personnel and emergency use. The valve was not operated as part of the inspection. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

15 – Cooling
15.3.1 – AC Compressor
AC Compressor 1
AIR FLOW RESTRICTED

Air flow to the air-conditioner condenser coils was restricted by vegetation, dirt, or debris. The unit should be cleaned and anything restricting air flow in or around the air conditioner should be removed in order to maintain cooling system efficiency and avoid problems from overheating of the compressor.

16 – Structural Crawlspace
16.2.1 – Soil Vapor Barrier
Soil Vapor Barrier 1
Soil Vapor Barrier 2
BARRIER DAMAGED

The crawlspace vapor barrier was damaged in some areas, which compromises its effectiveness in reducing moisture and/or radon levels. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

16.3.1 – Moisture Intrusion
Moisture Intrusion 1
Moisture Intrusion 2
EFFLORESCENCE

Efflorescence (white powdery substance) on the wall indicates moisture is in contact with the concrete or masonry. This does not necessarily indicate that intrusion will occur. I recommend checking the gutters and the downspout drain lines for proper operation. Also, a water proofing paint could be applied to the interior side of the wall if necessary. Efflorescence is found on many properties without water intrusion occurring inside the property. But, it should alert you to the possibility that future steps may be needed. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair as necessary.

16.5.1 – Foundation Wall
Foundation Wall 1
Foundation Wall 2
MINOR CRACKS

There were several cracks in the crawlspace foundation wall. These cracks should be sealed to prevent moisture intrusion, and monitored for further movement. Further analysis by a licensed structural engineer is recommended. Axium recommends our premier partner – Level Engineering. They can be contacted at 720-706-8540 or online at www.axiuminspections.com/structural-engineer.

16.6.1 – Insulation
INSULATION NEEDED

There is no insulation on the crawlspace exterior walls or floor system. Heat loss can occur more on this property than one that is properly insulated. A qualified contractor should evaluate and install as necessary.