2 – Roof
2.5.1 – Plumbing Vent Pipes
Plumbing Vent Pipes 1
Plumbing Vent Pipes 2
TOO SHORT

A plumbing vent did not extend far enough above the roof. A plumbing vent should extend a minimum of 10″.  A qualified contractor should evaluate, then repair or replace as advised prior to the inspection objection deadline.

2.6.1 – Flue Gas Vent Pipes
Flue Gas Vent Pipes 1
Flue Gas Vent Pipes 2
INADEQUATE CLEARANCE – ROOF

One or more combustion appliance exhaust flue(s) did not extend far enough above the roof. To ensure proper and safe operation, exhaust flues should extend at least 3 feet above the roof, and 2 feet above any portion of the roof within 10 feet (measured horizontally).  A qualified contractor should evaluate, then repair or replace as advised prior to the inspection objection deadline.

2.6.2 – Flue Gas Vent Pipes
Flue Gas Vent Pipes 3
DENTED/DAMAGED

The combustion exhaust flue was dented/damaged at the time of the inspection. A qualified contractor should evaluate, then repair or replace as advised prior to the inspection objection deadline.

3 – Attic, Insulation and Ventilation
3.1.1 – Attic Access
Attic Access 1
OPENING TOO SMALL

The attic hatch was not the proper size to access the attic itself. The rough framed opening must measure a minimum of 22 by 30 inches to allow a full-grown adult to safely enter and exit. Should there be an appliance in the attic, the dimensions may be required to increase to allow the appliance to be removed.

The 2012 International Residential Code requires an attic access opening for attics with an area greater than 30 square feet and a vertical height in excess of 30 inches.

3.4.1 – Insulation in Attic
Insulation in Attic 1
TOO THIN

The insulation is thinner than current thermal resistance (R-value) standards.

Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and repair or replace as needed.

3.7.1 – Exhaust System Vents
Exhaust System Vents 1
BATHROOM FAN EXHAUSTS INTO ATTIC

Bathroom vent duct terminated in the attic and did not vent to the exterior of property.

4 – Attic, Insulation and Ventilation 2
4.4.1 – Insulation in Attic
Insulation in Attic 1
TOO THIN

The insulation is thinner than current thermal resistance (R-value) standards.

Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and repair or replace as needed.

4.5.1 – Ventilation in Attic
VENTILATION INADEQUATE

Ventilation may have been insufficient at the time of the inspection.

Inadequate attic ventilation can cause the attic to overheat, causing heat damage to the roof covering, which results in a decreased life expectancy. Adequate ventilation of the attic will actually help prolong the life expectancy of the roof covering and help stabilize interior temperatures when heating and cooling is in use.

Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate to ensure all attic ventilation is unobstructed and fully functional and/or install additional ventilation as needed.

5 – Exterior
5.2.1 – Driveways
Driveways 1
CRACKING – MODERATE

The concrete driveway was moderately cracked. Cracks that progress to a separation of 1/4″ and more would be an indication of settlement, heaving, or structural problems. Cracks may present a tripping hazard. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair as necessary.

5.2.2 – Driveways
Driveways 2
SPALLING

The driveway surface was spalling in areas. This condition will continue to degrade if not corrected. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

5.10.1 – Window Wells
Window Wells 1
WINDOW WELL RUSTED

Window well(s) were rusted or corroded in areas. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary and according to current standards.

5.12.1 – Vegetation, Grading & Drainage
Vegetation, Grading & Drainage 1
DEFECT – FENCE

The fence is damaged or missing pieces.

Recommend a qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary and according to current standards.

5.14.1 – Exterior Faucets (Hose Bibs)
Exterior Faucets (Hose Bibs) 1
LOOSE IN WALL

One or more exterior faucet was loose in the wall. The faucet should be securely fastened to the wall using appropriate screws depending on the material at the location of the faucet. Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and repair or replace as needed.

5.17.1 – Exterior Foundation Wall
Exterior Foundation Wall 1
CRACKS – AT CORNER(S)

The exterior foundation wall had cracks at the corner. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.  Axium recommends our premier partner – Level Engineering. They can be contacted at 720-706-8540 or online at www.axiuminspections.com/structural-engineer.

5.17.2 – Exterior Foundation Wall

Exterior Foundation Wall 2

Exterior Foundation Wall 3
CRACK – VERTICAL

The foundation had vertical cracks in areas. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair as necessary before your inspection objection deadline.

5.17.3 – Exterior Foundation Wall
Exterior Foundation Wall 4
MINOR DAMAGE TO CONCRETE

The visible concrete foundation wall surface was damaged or deteriorated in areas. Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and repair or replace as needed.

5.20.1 – Railings & Handrails
Railings & Handrails 1
HORIZONTAL RAILINGS

The guard/hand rail had horizontal railings. This creates a climbing risk and a fall or injury could occur if not corrected. A fall or injury could occur if not corrected. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

5.21.1 – Roof Drainage – Downspouts & Extensions
Roof Drainage - Downspouts & Extensions 1
EXTENSIONS DENTED/DAMAGED

Downspout extensions were dented or damaged in some areas at the time of inspection. This condition can cause a blockage and potential build up of moisture intrusion into the soil next to the foundation walls. This in turn can potentially cause hydro-static pressure against the foundation walls and create adverse results. Recommend further evaluation by a qualified contractor to repair or replace.

5.21.2 – Roof Drainage – Downspouts & Extensions
Roof Drainage - Downspouts & Extensions 2
MISSING – EXTENSIONS

Downspout(s) are missing the proper 6 ft. extensions. This condition may cause problems by introducing excessive amounts of moisture to the soil beneath the foundation. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary and according to current standards.

6 – Attached Garage
6.2.1 – Occupant Door
Occupant Door 1
GAP AROUND DOOR

Daylight or blank space was visible between door and frame/jamb at an exterior entry door in the garage. Door may be missing weatherstripping or door is not installed properly. Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

6.2.2 – Occupant Door
Occupant Door 2
NOT SELF CLOSING

The door between the garage and the living space failed to close by itself. Modern safety requirements require that the door between the home interior and the garage be self-closing for safety reasons related to fire hazard and toxic fumes. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

6.4.1 – Floor
Floor 1
HEAVING/SETTLING

Indications of movement from heaving/settling of the concrete floor were present in the garage. Significant movement may be a compromise the structural integrity of the foundation or structure of the garage which only a qualified structural engineer could comment after further analysis.

Recommend a qualified structural engineer inspect further and provide a professional opinion related to this observation.

Axium recommends our premier partner – Level Engineering. They can be contacted at 720-400-8148 or online at www.axiuminspections.com/structural-engineer.

6.5.1 – Vehicle Door
Vehicle Door 1
Vehicle Door 2
NOT SEALED AT FLOOR

The garage door was missing weather stripping or did not evenly seal at the floor or sides of the door. A qualified contractor should evaluate and make adjustments, repair, or replace as necessary.

6.6.1 – Door Opener
Door Opener 1
REVERSE SENSORS TOO HIGH

The photo-electric reverse sensors are installed too high from the garage floor surface.

The vertical distance between the photo-eye beam and the floor should be no more than 6 inches.

6.7.1 – Electrical Outlets & Fixtures
Electrical Outlets & Fixtures 1
NO GFCI PROTECTION

The garage had one or more outlets without GFCI (or ground fault circuit interrupter) protection.

GFCI protection is required for all 15- and 20-amp receptacles, including outlets for refrigerators, sprinkler systems, garage door openers, and washing machines – some items may not be protected on purpose due to the potential for them to go unnoticed and cause damage. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

6.10.1 – Garage Heat Source
Garage Heat Source 1
NOT WORKING

A heat source in the garage was tested using normal operating controls and did not produce heat. Recommend asking current homeowners for more information regarding its usage and any known issues. Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate further and repair or replace as necessary.

7 – Interior, Doors, Windows
7.4.1 – Doors

Doors 1

RUBS FRAME

An interior door rubs at the door frame when closing. This may mean the door or frame is out of square or that hinges may not be installed properly.

A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

7.4.2 – Doors
Doors 2
WEATHERSTRIPPING DAYLIGHT

The door revealed daylight in areas when latched which may indicate missing or damaged weatherstripping.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

7.5.1 – Windows
Windows 1
NO EGRESS

At the time of the inspection, the property did not have emergency escape and rescue openings which met generally-accepted current standards. Egress opening requirements:

For safety reasons, all sleeping room and basements greater than 200 square feet and new properties should meet the generally-accepted current standards for emergency escape and rescue openings, which include the following requirements:

1. Sill height shall not exceed 44 inches above the floor.

2. Minimum net clear opening shall be 5.7 square feet; exception – grade level windows

may have a minimum clear opening of 5 square feet.

3. Minimum net clear opening height shall be 24 inches.

4. Minimum net clear opening width shall be 20 inches.

7.9.1 – Smoke & CO Detectors
Smoke & CO Detectors 1
Smoke & CO Detectors 2
Smoke & CO Detectors 3
SMOKE DETECTOR MISSING

The smoke detector was missing. A qualified person should replace as needed. The existing smoke detectors were tested if present, but they are only noted as to presence and operation as of date of inspection. Smoke detectors may work today but not work when you need them to work. This is why it is important for you to test them on a regular basis, monthly at least. Smoke detectors are recommended by the U.S. Product Safety Commission to be installed inside each bedroom and adjoining hallway and on each living level of the property and basement level.

8 – Kitchen
8.6.1 – Electrical Outlets
Electrical Outlets 1
OUTLET LOOSE

An electrical outlet was loose in the wall. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

8.6.2 – Electrical Outlets
Electrical Outlets 2
FACEPLATE MISSING

An electrical outlet had a missing faceplate. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

8.11.1 – Water Supply Shutoff Valves
Water Supply Shutoff Valves 1
SADDLE VALVE

A saddle valve was present at the plumbing at the time of inspection. They are prone to leak over time as the rubber seal will eventually deteriorate and they clog up as calcium deposits build up at the small opening. Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and replace it with a permanent valve as needed.

8.13.1 – Dishwasher
Dishwasher 1
LEAKED

The dishwasher leaked while going through a normal cycle.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

8.13.2 – Dishwasher
Dishwasher 2
NOT DRAINING

The dishwasher did not drain properly at the end of a wash cycle,  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

9 – Laundry
9.4.1 – Exhaust Fan
NO VENT NO WINDOW

The laundry room did not have an exhaust fan or an openable window. A qualified contractor should evaluate, then repair or replace as advised.

9.9.1 – Electrical Outlets
Electrical Outlets 1
GFCI PROTECTION NOT PRESENT

An outlet did not provide Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) protection. Although GFCI protection of circuits may not have been required at the time in which this home was built, safe building practices have improved with the passage of time and building standards have changed to reflect current understanding. The inspector recommends updating the existing electrical circuits to include GFCI protection. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

10 – Bathroom
10.12.1 – Plumbing Fixtures
Plumbing Fixtures 1
LOOSE – HANDLE

A plumbing fixtures control handle was loose at the time of inspection. Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

10.14.1 – Tub, Shower Area
Tub, Shower Area 1
CRACK – TILE(S)

The tile had a crack or gap in the tub/shower area.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

11 – Bathroom 2
11.16.1 – Water Supply Functional Flow
Water Supply Functional Flow 1
PRESSURE DROP

With at least 2 plumbing fixtures running water, there was a noticeable drop in the water flow after the toilet was flushed. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

12 – Bathroom 3
12.10.1 – Drain Waste and Vent System
Drain Waste and Vent System 1
FLEX PIPE

Flexible drain lines can clog, leak or fail. Flex lines design includes multiple folds in which moisture may become trapped and mold may grow.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

12.13.1 – Toilets
Toilets 1
LOOSE-TOILET TO TANK

The toilet was loose at the tank to toilet connection.  A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

13 – Plumbing
13.1.1 – Main Water Shut-Off Valve
Main Water Shut-Off Valve 1
CORRODED – VALVE

The main water shutoff valve was corroded.

The valve is not and was not operated during the scope of a home  inspection.

Recommend a qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

15 – Water Heating Equipment
15.1.1 – General Information
General Information 1
OLDER THAN 10 YEARS

The water heater was at or beyond its warranty and/or expected life expectancy.

The water heater age was determined by the photo included in this report. According to the U.S. Department of energy, these major appliances are intended to run for between 8 and 12 years. Be advised that every water heater will age differently relative to the following life span factors: water quality, mineral buildup, frequency of flushing, the volume of water utilized, size of the tank, brand, and quality of water heater. Although it was operating at the time of the inspection, the inspector can not determine the remaining life of the water heater.

15.3.1 – Pipe Connections
Pipe Connections 1
SADDLE VALVE

A saddle valve was present at the plumbing at the time of inspection. They are prone to leak over time as the rubber seal will eventually deteriorate and they clog up as calcium deposits build up at the small opening. Recommend a qualified contractor evaluate and replace it with a permanent valve as needed.

15.13.1 – Water Temperature
Water Temperature 1
WATER TEMPERATURE LOW

The water temperature was below the suggested range of 120-130 degrees. Recommend adjusting the water heater thermostat first. If water does not reach the acceptable range then a qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

16 – Heating
16.1.1 – Heating System Information
Heating System Information 1
BEYOND TYPICAL LIFE EXPECTANCY

Due to the year of manufacture, the heating system is assumed to be near the end of its expected service life. Regular maintenance and monitoring of its condition is recommended. Budgeting for repairs and future replacement is recommended. A qualified contractor should evaluate to clean, service/repair/replace as necessary, and certify the unit if possible.

16.6.1 – Cabinet
Cabinet 1
CORRODED, RUSTED

The heating system cabinet was corroded, rusted or damaged in some areas. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

17 – Heating – Baseboard
17.5.1 – Thermostat & Heat Source 4
Thermostat & Heat Source 4 1
Thermostat & Heat Source 4 2
THERMOSTAT INOPERABLE

The thermostat was inoperable. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

19 – Structural Basement
19.3.1 – Foundation Wall
Foundation Wall 1
MINOR CRACKS

There were minor to moderate cracks in the basement foundation wall. These cracks should be sealed to prevent moisture intrusion and monitored for further movement. Further analysis by a licensed structural engineer is recommended. Axium recommends our premier partner – Level Engineering. They can be contacted at 720-706-8540.

19.4.1 – Basement Interior Wall Structure
Basement Interior Wall Structure 1
BASEMENT WALLS NOT FLOATING

Basement walls were not constructed using a method which will allow for soil movement. This method is usually termed “floating” the walls and involves leaving a gap at the bottom of the wall so that vertical movement (heaving) of the concrete slab basement floor will not be transmitted to the rest of the property structure. Colorado has areas with expansive soils. Expansive soils are soils which increase to many times their original volume in response to increases in soil moisture content, creating forces which can easily damage property structural components such as foundations, floor slabs, flat work and interior and exterior wall coverings. Consider consulting with a qualified contractor before the expiration of your Inspection Objection Deadline to discuss options and costs for correction an/ or stabilization.

19.5.1 – Moisture Intrusion
Moisture Intrusion 1
MOISTURE INTRUSION

The visible areas of the basement showed signs of possible previous moisture intrusion and/or deterioration. A qualified contractor should evaluate and repair or replace as necessary.

19.5.2 – Moisture Intrusion
Moisture Intrusion 2
POSSIBLE MOLD

Evidence of a possible mold like substance was observed.  We did not inspect, test or determine if this growth is or is not a health hazard. The underlying cause is moisture. It is recommended to consult a mold inspector or mold remediation specialist to determine if further action is needed. Further analysis by a mold remediation specialist is recommended. Axium recommends our premier partner – Mold Removal Express. They can be contacted at 720-464-1555  mold-removal-express.

20 – Sewer Scope
20.3.1 – Sewer Line Condition
Sewer Line Condition 1
Sewer Line Condition 2
Sewer Line Condition 3
*MINOR OFFSET(S)

An offset means that one section of a sewer pipe does not line up with the next, creating a gap or reduction in the effective opening of the pipe. Most of the time, an environmental change is usually at fault for an offset pipe. Settlement in the surrounding earth or root growth can cause the two sections of piping to shift independently. Occasionally, the problem is due to poor installation, but this is rare.

A minor offset is small and does not appear to be blocking the flow of waste. No action is required at this time. We recommend having the line reinspected every three to five years to monitor the condition. If the offset gets larger, and specifically if it is near the bottom edge of the pipe, then repair will likely be needed. If you have concerns, consult a qualified sewer line repair or replacement contractor to evaluate if further action is required.

20.3.2 – Sewer Line Condition
Sewer Line Condition 4
*STANDING WATER

The are one or more sections of standing water in the line. Ideally, all water should drain from the line, but areas of standing water will form when flow is restricted or significantly slowed. This is usually caused by improper pitch, bellies, or obstructions in the line. We recommend the line be cleaned by a qualified cleaning contractor and then reinspected to determine the cause of the standing water. A licensed plumber may need to be consulted to determine any necessary corrective actions.

20.4.1 – Overall Recommendations
**FURTHER EVALUATION

The main sewer line appears to be compromised. We recommend consulting with a sewer line repair/replacement contractor for further evaluation.